[BRIEF NOTE] Some notes on faith

Tall Penguin, the blog of a co-worker of mine, became famous when P.Z. Myers linked to a picture of our bookstore’s Bible section stripped of Bibles by some amused people. People strayed for her accounts of the life that she built after she left the denomination of the Jehovah’s Witnesses behind, how she started to radically reconsider her world from that point. She gained such famed that she became the subject of a podcast interview at the blog Irreligiosity.

The interview is great; hers is a terrible story. The extent to which the denomination sought to manipulate people–to isolate them by discouraging them from critical thinking via higher education, by lying about the procedures determining doctrine, by reversing doctrines arbitrarily (one moment receiving organ donations was cannibalism, the next it was acceptable) at the expense of so many lies–horrifies me. The doctrine of the 144 000 people who would ascend to heaven in the end times, strained by the fact that the current number of Jehovah’s Witnesses number in the million, is ridiculous: arguing that people in the past who seemed faithful were not and that it is quite possible that people with true faith will replace the bad one is as self-serving as any that I think of. And Tall Penguin broke away from all that, simply because of a chance encounter that she had with a book that her partner had brought home, something that inspires her to think critically about her universe. Given the denomination’s dislike for engagement with outside thoughts, and its appalling desire to police the innermost thoughts, it isn’t surprising that she was a victim of a shunning.

Faith is something that I have been engaging with personally of late; I still go to St. Thomas’s. I’ve found it centering; I like the idea of structure. At the same time, the idea of faith that supposes itself to be beyond reason appalls me. I would like to believe that I can have a faith that is compatible reason: if I was asked to believe something unbelievable–if, in short, it seems to violate natural law–I wouldn’t be attending St. Thomas’s. (Yes, I think there can be natural law, of a sort at least. Read Robert Wright’s Non Zero for more.) I would like to think that it is possible to combine an informed faith with respect for reason. I think it is possible. Certainly Tall Penguin’s story confirms that there are some faiths that are entirely uninterested in reason. Is that a risk for all denominations?

What do you all think? I would be interesting in hearing from others.

[BRIEF NOTE] On Facebook, privacy, and a proposal for social networks

Some of you may know that today is Quit Facebook Day. Started up by Torontonians Joseph Dee and Matthew Milan, this day is a way for Facebook users to register their upset with Facebook’s–shall we say lack of concern for private data. Last I heard, they rounded up twenty-six thousand supporters, at least one of him is a LJ friend of mine. Against Facebook’s remaining half-billion users, I can’t help but think this is wasted if noble gesture.

At her blog apophenia, very interesting social media writer danah boyd was quite upset with the ways in which Facebook violated individual privacy, not only in terms of data collection but in making private data accessible to others, like friends of their friends.

If Facebook wanted radical transparency, they could communicate to users every single person and entity who can see their content. They could notify then when the content is accessed by a partner. They could show them who all is included in “friends-of-friends” (or at least a number of people). They hide behind lists because people’s abstractions allow them to share more. When people think “friends-of-friends” they don’t think about all of the types of people that their friends might link to; they think of the people that their friends would bring to a dinner party if they were to host it. When they think of everyone, they think of individual people who might have an interest in them, not 3rd party services who want to monetize or redistribute their data. Users have no sense of how their data is being used and Facebook is not radically transparent about what that data is used for. Quite the opposite. Convolution works. It keeps the press out.

The battle that is underway is not a battle over the future of privacy and publicity. It’s a battle over choice and informed consent. It’s unfolding because people are being duped, tricked, coerced, and confused into doing things where they don’t understand the consequences. Facebook keeps saying that it gives users choices, but that is completely unfair. It gives users the illusion of choice and hides the details away from them “for their own good.”

I’ve a suggestion. By this point, Facebook has become a critical service for very high proportions of the general population, in Canada and other technology-heavy countries. I know that my social life would be much more difficult to plan without Facebook’s groups and portable messaging systems. I would go so far as to say that social networking systems–Facebook, LinkedIn, et cetera–are becoming almost as important as telephone systems. Why not regulate them the same way? Some measure of global coordination would be necessary–Canada’s privacy commissioner has clout, but Canada’s only a small share of Facebook’s market–but I think, hope, it could be done.

(Then again, telephone companies have fairly large and secure revenues. Is Facebook making a profit? Regulating marginal businesses tightly might not be such a good idea.)

[LINK] “The end of Brian Mulroney”

Last year’s investigation/circus surrounding the question of whether former Canadian Prime Minister Brian Mulroney was bribed has ended by wrecking his public reputation.

If Brian Mulroney had a reputation left, Justice Jeffrey Oliphant shredded it today.

Mr. Oliphant’s report on the relationship between the former prime minister and German arms dealer Karlheinz Schreiber found that neither man can necessarily be taken at his word, even when they’re testifying before a judge.

In several instances, Mr. Oliphant said, he simply didn’t accept Mr. Schreiber’s account of the facts — a nice way of saying the little German influence peddler was making stuff up. Or, as the judge nicely put it, “I was struck by his proclivity for exaggeration.”

But it was Mr. Mulroney who came in for a much tougher time. The word Mr. Oliphant used most often was “inappropriate.” Much tougher terms could easily have substituted.

He said he didn’t believe Mr. Mulroney’s testimony that his decision to accept envelopes full of cash was just “bad judgment.” If that was the case, he said, Mr. Mulroney had many opportunities to correct the mistake, and rejected every one. He could have issued Mr. Schreiber a receipt, demanded cheques, or put the money in a bank where there would have been a record. He didn’t do any of them. And he continued to take more envelopes even after having time to think about the propriety of accepting the first. An “error in judgment” applies to one mistake; making the same mistake three times over a lengthy period is something else.

Instead of doing his best to rectify his mistake in accepting the cash, said Mr. Oliphant, Mr. Mulroney deliberately sought to hide the fact he’d taken the money. In this he and Mr. Schreiber thought as one: “They both wanted to conceal the fact that the transactions had occurred between them.” The best opportunity for Mr. Mulroney to have come clean, Mr. Oliphant said, was during Mr. Mulroney’s suit over allegations related to the Airbus affair. Mr. Mulroney claimed he didn’t reveal the full extent of his dealings because he wasn’t asked the appropriate questions, an argument Mr. Oliphant dismissed as “patently absurd.” He noted it was during Mr. Mulroney’s years in office that a tough, new ethics code was introduced, which required public officials to act in a way “that will bear the closest public scrutiny,” and added that in his estimation, Mr. Mulroney failed his own test.

“The conduct exhibited by Mr. Mulroney in accepting cash-stuffed envelopes from Mr. Schreiber on three separate occasions, failing to record the fact of the cash payments, failing to deposit the cash into a bank or other financial institution, and failing to disclose the fact of the cash payments when given the opportunity to do so goes a long way, in my view, to supporting my position that the financial dealings between Mr. Schreiber and Mr. Mulroney were inappropriate,” he said.

[BRIEF NOTE] On the possibility of a Betelgeuse supernova

Betelgeuse, the brightest star in the constellation Orion (hence its name Alpha Orionis) forming the northwesternmost corner of that constellation and the ninth-brightest star in the night sky massive star. Though only a few years old, its mass-twenty times that of the Sun–means that it’s a “highly evolved” star, aging and fluctuating hugely in light and size; its size is huge regardless, its size stretching beyond the orbit fo Neptune. Even though its something like six hundred light-years away, Betelgeuse is such a huge star that astronomers have actually been able image its disk for more than a decade.

Betelgeuse is a fine candidate for a supernova, with its mass and its age and its instabilities. Astronomers predict that it’s likely to do just that at some time in the next thousand years. It may have done that already, actually, but because of the limits of the speed of light we just wouldn’t know. The indispensable James Nicoll has linked to a report–based on an unsubstantiated report, but still–that Betelgeuse is about to burst forth any day now.

Betelgeuse has been shrinking continuously since 1993, at an increasing rate. By June 2009, it had shrunk 15% from its size as measured in 1993.

But wait! There’s more. It is rumored, though I have been unable to find any reliable confirmation of the source (which is claimed to be first-hand) that the latest observations from Mauna Kea show that Betelgeuse is now shrinking so fast it is no longer round. (Due to conservation of angular momentum, when a massive star collapses gravitationally, it collapses faster at the poles, becoming increasingly oblate — flattened — as its final collapse accelerates.)

What does this mean?

Well, briefly, what it means — if true — is that Betelgeuse could be within as little as weeks of a Type II (core collapse) supernova.

Supernovaed Betelgeuse would be a bright, bright star. “The supernova that created the Crab Nebula, SN 1054, was bright enough to see in daylight for 23 days, and remained visible for 653 days … and it was 6,300 LY away. Betelgeuse is almost 12 times closer, and can be expected to appear around 140 times brighter by virtue of that alone.” Earth is far enough away from Betelgeuse that there’s not going to be apart from the amazing show of brightness; Betelgeuse certainly wouldn’t do what Hobus did to Romulus.

This is, I repeat, an unconfirmed report. But it’s a cool one. Wouldn’t I love to see a supernova with my own naked eye!

[FORUM] How do you engage with civil society?

One of my favourite blogs is Douglas Todd’s The Search–smart, provocative, challenging–and Todd’s most recent post puts forward an interesting thesis about the positive effects of social engagement.

New psychological research suggests that rising indifference to politics among Canadians, as well as people in many parts of the world, may actually reflect a lack of personal happiness, an existential melancholy.

In fact, the novel psychological experiments conducted by a U.S. psychologist and a German psychologist suggest that humans feel more satisfied and alive when they jump into political action, even at a relatively minor level.

There is something about social activism itself that is beneficial for well-being, says Tim Kasser, chair of psychology at Knox College in Illinois, who co-authored several research papers with Malte Klar, of the University of Gottingen in Germany.

People who are politically active have better relationships, more purpose in life and like themselves better, according to the studies, some of which were published in the journal Political Psychology.

“I don’t doubt that part of the reason activism is good for people’s wellbeing is that they experience higher levels of connection to other people,” said Kasser. “We are not trying to say the only way to increase your well-being is through political activism, but we are saying that it is a good one.”

One study of more than 1,000 individuals conducted by Kasser and Klar found that people who had engaged in political activism reported greater life satisfaction, sense of freedom and competence than those who had not.

Another of the duo’s experiments found that even short-term activism made people feel better. The researchers discovered college students who wrote letters to cafeteria managers about the ethical aspects of food production, such as whether the cafeteria supported “fair trade,” reported feeling more alert and energized than students who wrote to managers simply about the “hedonistic” aspect of the food.

Do you buy this? Do you have any personal experiences that confirm or contradict Kasser and Klar? If you are involved, what are you involved in, and why?

Discuss.

[FORUM] What’s your contribution to the dialogics of culture?

Yesterday’s Demography Matters post was concerned with the dialogics of cultural change, with the many individual and group decisions which lead to elements of culture being passed on or adopted, in an incredibly complex fashion.

I’ve two questions for you. What elements of other cultures have you adopted? Have you started watching anime or listening to Bollywood soundtracks or eating kimchi? Or, at an arguably more profound level, have you taken up religions or languages or mindsets?

Converely, has your culture been particualrly influential? Have you been particularly influential, for at least one or two other people?

Discuss.

[DM] “On the dialogics of cultures and populations”

I have a post up at Demography Matters that borrows from Bakhtin to make the point that populations are never hermetically sealed off from each other, that the people who belong to populations influence each other and others besides and that projecting population figures indefinitely into the future without assuming culture change is profoundly ill-thought. Go, read.

[URBAN NOTE] On the upcoming horrors of Toronto’s G20 summit

Yesterday, the local newspapers featured two news items about next month’s G20 summit pretty prominently: the Toronto Star observed that Toronto police have bought sound cannons to use against potential rioters, while the National Post lets us know that the federal government is not going to compensate Toronto businesses for any damage during the summit. There have been any number of other stories of late, like the news that the estimated security costs have ballooned to one billion Canadian dollars and will probably keep on rising, or that graffiti and vandalism has started already , with one group that firebombed an Ottawa bank promising to be here in Toronto. Torontoist, in the meantime, maps out the areas of Toronto to be overwhelmed by the summit, showing that basically the entire downtown is going to be downtown, implying that the whole city is going to be wrecked.

What did Toronto do to deserve these horrors? Is Stephen Harper trying to get back at Toronto for not voting in enough Conservative MPs? The whole affair isn’t going to have anything like the ambiguously positive spinoff effects that (say) a major sporting event might have, and the understandable and necessary security arrangements for the summer are going to wreck life in Toronto for a good chunk of the summer. Why hold these kinds of summits in metropoli?

[LINK] “LessMusic”

Canada’s MuchMusic station has played a huge role in Canadian popular culture as Canada’s indigenous version of MTV, from the mid-1980s on broadcasting music videos by Canadian musicians (and by non-Canadians, too), helping to jumpstart careers and promote Canadian music. Now, as Torontoist’s Christopher Bird notes, MuchMusic wants to follow MTV in jettisoning that innovative heritage entirely.

The largest and most obvious change in Much’s proposed new licence? The videos. Specifically, Much wants to drop their minimum airing time of music videos from 50% of airtime to 25%. They also want to count “music video programs” for that 25% requirement, which would presumably include shows like Video On Trial, which have music videos in them but are not really a vehicle for airing the videos per se. Given that Much currently airs Video on Trial in between three and six hours almost every day of the week, this is a big deal for them.

Much’s argument for changing the licence in this regard is twofold: first, that people can watch music videos through other sources (i.e., Youtube), and second, that there just aren’t as many music videos as there used to be. We’re going to come back to that second point a bit later on, but let’s focus on the first for now.

One of the reasons people generally watch music videos on YouTube? Here’s a thought: maybe it’s because the vast majority of programming MuchMusic uses to fulfill its music video requirements happens overnight. All of the famous MuchMusic “specialty shows”—shows like The Wedge, RapCity, Loud, and MuchVibe—now air at 3 a.m. on weekday nights, which is of course the perfect time for a discerning young music fan to learn about new bands in their favorite genre. The generic MuchMegaHits now airs at 2 and 7 a.m. daily. UR11, the internet-themed vote-for-your-fave-videos show complete with lolspeak title and lack of respect for the younger generation’s intellect, airs at a comparatively accessible 11 p.m.

What’s on Much during the daytime? Well, today, you can watch My Date With… (it’s Fall Out Boy!), Love Court, Video on Trial, Punk’d, Pimp My Ride, My Own Show, Styl’d, Buffy the Vampire Slayer, When I Was 17, The Vampire Diaries, an airing of the movie Centre Stage, and then The Vampire Diaries again. The only show with actual, uninterrupted videos in it is MuchOnDemand. That’s one hour of videos, between 1 p.m. through to midnight.

[. . . M]uchMusic, a channel that was once defined by its Canadian content, a channel which sold its Canadian content in numerous foreign television markets successfully, now thinks that Canadian content is too hard to produce at current levels! Hence, they request a 5% drop in the amount of Canadian content airtime (from 60% down to 55%), and to entirely abolish the requirement that half of their programs from 6 p.m. through midnight be Canadian. On the bright side, this might mean a lot less Video on Trial in prime time (but then again that’s about the last entertaining show MuchMusic still bothers to make).

[. . .]

But so long as we’re discussing the stimulation of culture, let’s talk about MuchMusic’s other stated reason for pursuing this licence amendment: the argument that there aren’t enough music videos for them to easily fulfill their airing requirements. You know what’s interesting? In addition to wanting to cut half of of their video airing requirement, they also want to cut half of the money they’re required to contribute to MuchFACT, the fund that assists emerging Canadian talent to produce music videos. Much is quite upfront about their reasoning: since they won’t have to air so many videos, they shouldn’t have to spend so much money.

Sigh.

[LINK] “Unpleasant Medicine”

Charlie Stross has written a post that pretty sums up my thinking on repairing the environment. We’ll do it, we’re capable of doing it, but we won’t until we incentivize it.

There’s a deeply embedded piece of primate behaviour, common to almost all of us: when someone shoves you, you shove right back. If you’re being hammered with an unacceptable instruction, a very common response is denial or argument. And the louder the instruction is repeated, the more extreme the reaction.

For fifty years now we’ve been hearing warnings about pollution and resource depletion; for thirty years, about AGW and atmospheric carbon dioxide. Because these messages are interpreted as carrying an unpalatable payload (stop flying, stop driving, consume less, repent, sinner!) people stop listening and shove back, hard (drill, baby, drill!).

The solution should be fairly clear, and I’m probably displaying my own cognitive biases when I say that giving up on the environment isn’t an option. But if action to reduce environmental impact is desirable, then it needs to be framed in terms that don’t threaten the intended audience, but promise rewards for behavioural change. Instead of us all consuming less, we’re going to consume differently and make huge profits off environmental energy. Instead of being punished for dumping waste, we’re going to make money from recycling. Played right, a shift to a sustainable economy should see a net increase in wealth because the wealth-producing activities shift with the demand for sustainability. Hair shirt puritanism is not only unnecessary; it’s positively damaging to our future, and I wish the greens would drop it right now.